Last update: 2/16/12

Yaoi/Shōnen-ai Scholarly | Yaoi/Shōnen-ai Popular |

Slash Scholarly | Slash Popular | Boys’ Love/Nanshoku | Forthcoming Books

If you have works to contribute to this bibliography, please send complete references and URLs, if available, to the site editors.

Yaoi / Shōnen-ai Scholarly Bibliography

This lists scholarly works about yaoi and shōnen-ai.

• Abraham, Yamila. (2010). “Boys’ Love Thrives in Conservative Indonesia.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 44-55). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Akatsuka, Neal. (2010). “Uttering the Absurd, Revaluing the Abject: Femininity and the Disavowal of Homosexuality in Transnational Boys’ Love Manga.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 159-176). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Aoyama, Tomoko. (1988). “Male homosexuality as treated by Japanese women writers.” In McCormack, G. & Sugimoto, Y. (Eds.), The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond (pp. 186-204). New York: Cambridge University Press.

• Barral, Etienne. (April 2000). “Le Comiket, royaume des fanzines.” Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales. Paris.

• Bauwens-Sugimoto, Jessica (2011). “Subverting masculinity, misogyny, and reproductive technology in SEX PISTOLS”. Image & Narrative 12 (1).  [pdf]

• Berry, C. (2007). The Chinese Side of the Mountain. Film Quarterly, 60(3), pp. 32-37.

• Blair, M.M. (2010). “‘She Should Just Die in a Ditch’: Fan Reactions to Female Characters in Boys’ Love Manga.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 110-125). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Brient, Hervé. (2008). “Une petite histoire du yaoi.” Manga 10 000 images: Homosexualité et manga: le yaoi. Versailles, France: Éditions H.

• Bollmann, T. (2010). He-romance for her – yaoi, BL and shounen-ai. In E. Niskanen (Ed.), Imaginary Japan: Japanese Fantasy in Contemporary Popular Culture (pp.42-46). Turku: International Institute

• Cole, C. Bard. (Feb. 28, 2001). Webstory: Male on Male Action for Girls. The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide, 8(1), p. 40.

• Darlington, Tania (2009). The Queering of Haruhi Fujioka: Cross-Dressing, Camp and Commoner Culture in Ouran High School Host Club. ImageTexT, 4(3).

• Donovan, Hope. (2010). “Gift Versus Capitalist Economies: Exchanging Anime and Manga in the U.S.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 11-22). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Ebihara, Akiko (2002). “Japan’s Feminist Fabulation: Reading Marginal with Unisex Reproduction as a Key Concept.” Genders 36.

• Galbraith, Patrick W. (2009). “Moe: Exploring Virtual Potential in Post-Millennial Japan.” Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies.

• Hall, Alexis. (2010). “Gay or Gei? Reading ‘Realness’ in Japanese Yaoi Manga.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 211-220). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Hall, Nicholas James. (2009). Reimagining Male-Male Sexuality: Representations in Japanese Modern Literature and Gay Manga. Master’s Thesis, THe University of British Columbia.

• Isola, Mark John. (2010). “Yaoi and Slash Fiction: Women Writing, Reading, and Getting Off?” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 84-98). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Ito, Kinko. (1994). “Images of Women in Weekly Male Comics Magazines in Japan.” Journal of Popular Culture 27(4):81-95.

• Kamm, Björn-Ole (2008). FUJOSHI – Nutzen und Gratifikation bei Boys‘ Love Manga in Japan und Deutschland. “FUJOSHI – Uses and Gratifications of Boys‘ Love Manga in Japan and Germany” – Master’s Thesis (PDF 400 KB, German)

• Kamm, Björn-Ole (2010). Nutzen und Gratifikation bei Boys’ Love Manga: Fujoshi oder verdorbene Mädchen in Japan und Deutschland. Hamburg: Kovac.

• Kinsella, Sharon. (1998). Japanese Subculture in the 1990s: Otaku and the Amateur Manga Movement, Journal of Japanese Studies, 24:2, Summer 1998, pp. 289-316.

• Kinsella, Sharon. (2000). Adult Manga: Culture and Power in Contemporary Japanese Society, Richmond: Curzon Press.

• Li, Yannan (2009). Japanese Boy-Love Manga and the Global Fandom: A Case Study of Chinese Female Readers. Dissertation, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis.

• Linderström, Jenny (2007). Boys’ Love: En studie av maskuliniteter och maktrelationer i yaoi manga. (Swedish)

• Lunsing, Wim (January 2006). Yaoi Ronsō: Discussing depictions of male homosexuality in Japanese girl’s comics, gay comics and gay pornography. Intersections: Gender, history and culture in the Asian context. 12.

• Malone, Paul. (2010). “From BRAVO to Animexx.de to Export: Capitalizing on German Boys’ Love Fandom, Culturally, Socially and Economically.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 23-43). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Matsui, Midori. (1993). Little Girls Were Little Boys: Displaced Femininity in the Representation of Homosexuality in Japanese Girls’ Comics. In S. Gunew and A. Yeatman (Eds.), Feminism and the Politics of Difference (pp. 177-196). Boulder CO: Westview.

• McHarry, Mark. (November, 2003). Yaoi: Redrawing Male Love. The Guide. 23(11):29-34.

• McHarry, Mark. (2006). Yaoi. In Gaëtan Brulotte and John Phillips (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Erotic Literature. New York: Routledge, pp. 1445-1447.

• McHarry, Mark. (2007a). Masculinity Ungendered: YAOI Fan Girls (and Boys) Envisioning Male Eros. Session, Masculinities II: Queer Masculinities, Part One. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2007 National Conference, Boston, 4-7 Apr.

• McHarry, Mark. (2007b). Identity Unmoored: Yaoi in the West. In Thomas Peele (Ed.) Queer Popular Culture: Literature, Media, Film, and Television. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 183-195. Reprinted and expanded in Christopher Pullen and Margaret Cooper (Eds.) LGBT Identity and Online New Media, New York: Routledge, 2010, 171-184.

• McHarry, Mark. (2008). Fan Girls’ Beautiful Boys: Western Embodiments of Japanese Yaoi and Boys’ Love. Session, Gay, Lesbian, & Queer Studies III: Sexuality and Nationality. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2008 National Conference,San Francisco, 19-22 Mar.

• McHarry, Mark. (2009). TimeSpace Divagations in Japanese Boys’ Love and Yaoi: Une Coupure Épistémologique for Western Eros? Session, Gay, Lesbian, & Queer Studies VI: Love and Fantasies. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2009 National Conference, New Orleans, 8-11 Apr.

• McHarry, Mark. (2010a). Boys in Love in Boys’ Love: Discourses West/East and the Abject in Subject Formation. In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 177-189). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• McHarry, Mark. (2010b). Gendering the Homoerotic Body: Imagining the Subject in Boys’ Love and Yaoi. Écritures du Corps, Université Paris 13, Paris, 18-20 Nov.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011a). Floating Signifiers: Syntactical Praxis in Japanese Boys’ Love Manga. Popular Culture Association / American Culture Association 2011 National Conference,San Antonio, Texas, 20 Apr.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011b). Girls Doing Boys Doing Boys: Boys’ Love, Masculinity and Sexual Identities. In Perper, Timothy and Martha Cornog (Eds.) Mangatopia: Essays on Anime and Manga in the Modern World. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011c). Border Dwellers in Boys’ Love Manga. First International Conference of Comics and Graphic Novels, Universidad Alcalá de Henares, Spain, 11 Nov.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011d). (Un)gendering the homoerotic body: Imagining subjects in boys’ love and yaoi. Transformative Works and Cultures, No. 8, November 15.

• McLelland, Mark. (2000). The Love Between Beautiful Boys in Japanese Women’s Comics, Journal of Gender Studies, 9:1, March 2000, pp. 13-25.

• McLelland, Mark. (2000). No Climax, No Point, No Meaning? Japanese Women’s Boy Love Sites on the Internet, Journal of Communication Inquiry, 24:3, July 2000, pp. 274-291.

• McLelland, Mark. (2001). Local Meanings in Global Space: A Case Study of Women’s ‘Boy Love’ Web Sites in Japanese & English. Mots Pluriels, October.

• McLelland, Mark. (Spring/Summer 2001). “Why are Japanese Girls’ Comics Full of Boys Bonking?” Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media.

• McLelland, Mark. (2006/2007). “Why are Japanese Girls’ Comics Full of Boys Bonking?” Refractory: A Journal of Entertainment Media, 10.

• McLelland, Mark. (2005). The world of yaoi: The internet, censorship and the global ‘boy’s love.’ The Australian Feminist Law Journal, 23, 61-77.

• McLelland, Mark. (2006). Manga. In Gaëtan Brulotte and John Phillips (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Erotic Literature. New York: Routledge, pp. 849-851.

• McLelland, Mark. (n.d.) A short history of ‘Hentai.’

• Meyer, Uli. (2010). “Hidden in Straight Sight: Trans*gressing Gender and Sexuality via BL.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 232-256). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Mizoguchi, Akiko (2003). “Male-male romance by and for women in Japan: A history and the subgenres of Yaoi fictions.” U.S.-Japan Women’s Journal, 25, 49-75.

• Mizoguchi, Akiko (2008). Reading and Living Yaoi: Male-Male Fantasy Narratives as Women’s Sexual Subculture in Japan. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Rochester.

• Mizoguchi, Akiko (September 2010). “Theorizing comics/manga genre as a productive forum: yaoi and beyond”. In Berndt, Jaqueline. Comics Worlds and the World of Comics: Towards Scholarship on a Global Scale. Kyoto, Japan: International Manga Research Center,Kyoto Seika University. pp. 145–170. ISBN

• Nagaike, Kazumi. (2005). Japanese women writers watch a boy being beaten by his father: Male homosexual fantasies, female sexuality and desire (Kono Taeko, Mori Mari, Okamoto Kanoko, Matsuura Rieko. (Doctoral Dissertation, The University of British Columbia [Canada]); Dissertation Abstracts International, 66, 12A.

• Noh, Sueen. (2001). Reading YAOI comics: An analysis of Korean girls’ fandom.

• Ogi, Fusami (2001). Gender insubordination in Japanese comics (manga) for girls. In Lent, John A. (Ed.) Illustrating Asia: Comics, Humor Magazines, and Picture Books, Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

• Pagliassotti, Dru. (2010). “Better than Romance? Japanese BL Manga and the Subgenre of Male/Male Romantic Fiction.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 59-83). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Pagliassotti, Dru. (2009) GloBLisation and Hybridisation: Publishers’ Strategies for Bringing Boys’ Love to the United States. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific, 20.

• Pagliassotti, Dru. (2008). Reading Boys’ Love in the West Participations 5(2).

• Perper, Timothy, and Martha Cornog. (2002). “Eroticism for the Masses: Japanese Manga Comics and their Assimilation into the U.S.” Sexuality & Culture 6(1):3-126.

• Russ, Joanna. (1985). “Pornography by women for women with love”. Magic Mommas, Trembling Sisters, Puritans & Perverts: Feminist Essays. Trumansberg, New York: The Crossing Press.

• Sabucco, Veruska. (2000). Shonen Ai: Il nuovo immaginario erotico femminile tra Oriente e Occidente. Roma: Castelvecchi.

• Sabucco, Veruska. (2003). “Guided Fan Fiction: Western ‘Readings’ of Japanese Homosexual-Themed Texts.” In Chris Berry, Fran Martin and Audrey Yue, (Eds.), Mobile Cultures: New Media in Queer Asia. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, pp. 70-86.

• Saito, Kumiko (2011) “Desire in Subtext: Gender, Fandom, and Women’s Male-Male Homoerotic Parodies in Contemporary Japan.” Mechademia 6.

• Schodt, Frederik. (1983)· Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics, Tokyo: Kodansha Intl

• Schodt, Frederik. (1996). Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga, Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press.

• Shigematsu, Setsu. (1999). “Dimensions of Desire: Sex, Fantasy, and Fetish in Japanese Comics.” In John A. Lent, (Ed.), Themes and Issues in Asian Cartooning: Cute, Cheap, Mad, and Sexy. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Press, pp. 127-163.
• Sihombing, Febriani (2011). “On The Iconic Difference between Couple Characters in Boys Love Manga.” Image & Narrative 12 (1).

• Stanley, Marni. (2010). “101 Uses for Boys: Communing with the Reader in Yaoi and Slash.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 99-109). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Suzuki, Kazuko. (1998). “Pornography or Therapy? Japanese Girls Creating the Yaoi Phenomenon.” In Sherrie Inness, (Ed.), Millennium Girls: Today’s Girls Around the World. London: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 243-267.

• Tan Bee Kee. (2010). “Rewriting Gender and Sexuality in English-Language Yaoi Fanfiction.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 126-156). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Toku, Masami (2003). Interview with Keiko Takemiya

• Toku, Masami (2002). Interview with Mr. Sagawa

• Toku, Masami (2000). Summary of Interviews in Summer 2000 – Yoshihiro Yonezawa

• Thorn, Matthew. (2004). Girls and women getting out of hand: The pleasure and politics of Japan’s amateur comics community. In Kelly, W. (Ed.) Fanning the Flames: Fans and consumer culture in contemporary Japan. New York: State University of New York Press, pp. 169-187.

• Vicars, Mark & Senior, Kim. (2010). “Queering the Quotidian: Yaoi, Narrative Pleasures and Reader Response.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 190-210). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Vincent, Keith (2007) “A Japanese Electra and Her Queer Progeny” Mechademia 2 pp.64-79

• Vincent, Keith J. (2-3 May 2002). “Envisioning the Homosexual in Yaoi.” Conference, Conceptualising Gender in Different Cultural Contexts. The School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.

• Welker, James. (2006). Beautiful, Borrowed, and Bent: “Boys’ Love” as Girls’ Love in Shôjo Manga. Signs 31(3):841-870.

• Welker, James. (2011) “Flower Tribes and Female Desire: Complicating Early Female Consumption of Male Homosexuality in Shôjo Manga.” Mechademia 6.

• Williams, Alan. (2010). “Raping Apollo: Sexual Difference and the Yaoi Phenomenon.” In Levi, Antonia; McHarry, Mark; and Pagliassotti, Dru (Eds.) Boys’ Love Manga: Essays on the Sexual Ambiguity and Cross-Cultural Fandom of the Genre (pp. 221-231). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.

• Wilson, Brent & Toku, Masami (2003). Boy’s Love, Yaoi, and Art Education: Issues of Power and Pedagogy.

• Wood, Andrea. (Spring 2006). “Straight” Women, Queer Texts: Boy-Love Manga and the Rise of a Global Counterpublic. Women’s Studies Quarterly, 34(1/2), 394-414.

• Wood, Andrea (2011). “Choose Your Own Queer Erotic Adventure: Young Adults, Boys Love Computer Games, and the Sexual Politics of Visual Play”. In Kenneth B. Kidd, Michelle Ann Abate. Over the rainbow : queer children’s and young adult literature. University of Michigan Press. pp. 354-379. ISBN 9780472071463.

• Zanghellini, Aleardo. (2009a). “Underage Sex and Romance in Japanese Homoerotic Manga and Anime“. Social & Legal Studies 18: 159. doi:10.1177/0964663909103623  (also here)

• Zanghellini, Aleardo. (2009b). “‘Boys love’ in anime and manga: Japanese subcultural production and its end users”. Continuum 23 (3): 279–294. doi:10.1080/10304310902822886

Yaoi/Shōnen-ai Bibliography: Popular

This bibliography lists popular media; newspapers, magazines, blogs, and other potentially useful but non-scholarly resources.

• Avila, K. (January 2005). Boy’s Love and Yaoi Revisited, Sequential Tart.
• Brienza,  Casey (February 2004) An Introduction to Korean Manhwa. Originally published in Aestheticism.com. (pdf)

• Boon, Miriam (24 May, 2007) Manga men CONVENTIONEERING / Anime North’s bent offerings Xtra!

• Butcher, Christopher (December 11, 2007). “Queer love manga style”. Xtra!.

• Cha, Kai-Ming (7 March, 2005) Yaoi Manga: What Girls Like? Publishers Weekly

• Chavez, Ed (30 October, 2007) Yaoi-Con and BL, No Longer “Niche” Publishers Weekly

• Cole, C. Bard (February 28, 2001). Webstory: Male on Male Action for Girls. The Gay and Lesbian Review Worldwide, 8(1), p. 40.

• Comic Market Preparations Committe (February 2008). What is the Comic Market?

• Fletcher, Dani (May 2002). Guys on Guys for Girls – Yaoi and Shounen Ai. Sequential Tart.

• Johnson, M. J. (May 2002). A brief history of yaoi, Sequential Tart.

• Jones, V. E. (April 2005) “He Loves Him, She Loves Them: Japanese comics about gay men are increasingly popular among women”. Boston.com.

• Keenapan, Nattha Japanese “boy-love” comics a hit among Thais Japan Today 2001

• Keller, Katherine (18 February 2008) Seme and Uke? Make Me Puke Sequential Tart

• Keller, Katherine (1 February 2007) The Growth of Yaoi – Yamila Abraham Sequential Tart

• Masaki, Lyle. (6 January, 2008) “Yowie!”: The Stateside appeal of boy-meets-boy YAOI comics AfterElton.com

• Randall, Bill (15 May, 2003) Three By Moto Hagio The Comics Journal issue 252

• Solomon, Charles. (14 October, 2003) Anime, mon amour: forget Pokemon—Japanese animation explodes with gay, lesbian, and trans themes – video The Advocate

• Strickland, Elizabeth. (2 November 2006) “Drawn Together.” The Village Voice.

• St-Louis, Hervé (11 July 2008) Are Yaoi Manga The Future of Gay Comics? Comic Book Bin

• Totilo, S. (March 10, 2006) Japanese Comics With Gay Themes Attracting Young Female Readers. MTV News.

• Thompson, David. (Sept. 8, 2003). Hello boys. In New Statesman, pp. 43-44.

• Valenti, Kristy L. (July 2005). “‘Stop, My Butt Hurts!’ – The Yaoi Invasion”. The Comics Journal, issue 269.

• Wikipedia Entry on Yaoi

• Wikipedia’s listing of shonen-ai series

• Wikipedia’s listing of yaoi series

• YaoiWiki: A good resource for specific manga and mangaka; see All Pages for a convenient listing of what’s available there.

Slash Scholarly Bibliography

This lists scholarly articles and other resources about slash.

• Allington, Daniel (2007) “How Come Most People Don’t See It?”: Slashing the Lord of the Rings Social Semiotics, Volume 17, Issue 1 March 2007 , pages 43 – 62 doi: 10.1080/10350330601124650

• Aul. B. & Frank, B. (Autumn, 2002).Prisoners of dogma and prejudice: Why there are no G/L/B/T characters in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. Foundation: The International Review of Science Fiction, 86.

• Bacon-Smith, C. (1991). Enterprising women: Television fandom and the creation of popular myth. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

• Battis, J. (Winter, 2006). The Kryptonite closet: Silence and queer secrecy in Smallville. Jump Cut: A Review of Contemporary Media, 48.

• Boyd, Kelly Simca. “One index finger on the mouse scroll bar and the other on my clit”: Slash writers’ views on pornography, censorship, feminism and risk. (Doctoral Dissertation, Simon Fraser University [Canada]), Master’s Abstracts International, 40, 2.

• Bury, R. (2005). Cyberspaces of their own: Female fandoms online. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.

• Busse, Kristina. 2005. “‘Digital get down’: Postmodern Boy Band Slash and the Queer Female Space.” In Eroticism in American Culture, ed. Cheryl Malcolm and Jopi Nyman, 103–25. Gdansk: Gdansk Univ. Press.

• Chander, Anupam and Sunder, Madhavi “Everyone’s a Superhero: A Cultural Theory of ‘Mary Sue’ Fan Fiction as Fair Use” UC Davis Legal Studies Research Paper No. 110

• Cicioni, Mirna. (1998). Male Pair Bonds and Female Desire in Fan Slash Writing. In C. Harris and A. Alexander (Eds.). Theorizing Fandom: Fans, subculture and identity (pp. 153-177). Cresskil NJ: Hampton Press, Inc.

• Decarnin, Camilla (2006). Slash Fiction. In Gaëtan Brulotte and John Phillips (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Erotic Literature. New York: Routledge, pp. 1233-1235.

• Dhaenens, Frederik; Van Bauwel, Sofie; Biltereyst, Daniel (2008) Slashing the Fiction of Queer Theory Journal of Communication Inquiry, Vol. 32, No. 4, 335-347

• Doty, A. (1993). Making things perfectly queer: Interpreting mass culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

• Falzone, P.J. (2005) “The Final Frontier Is Queer: Aberrancy, Archetype and Audience Generated Folklore in K/S Slashfiction.” Western Folklore 64 3/4 pp. 243-261.

• Fisher, K. (2002). Nookie with a Wookie: The culture of slash-lit. In Jessica Berens and Kerri Sharp (Eds.), Inappropriate Behaviour: Prada sucks! and other demented descants (pp. 173-180). London: Serpent’s Tail.

• Green, Shoshanna, Jenkins, Cynthia, and Jenkins, Henry. (1998). The Normal Female Interest in Men Bonking: Selections from The Terra Nostra Underground and Strange Bedfellows. In Cheryl Harris and Alison Alexander, (Eds.), Theorizing Fandom: Fans, subculture, and identity (pp. 9-38). Cresskil NJ: Hampton Press, Inc.

• Hellekson, Karen and Kristina Busse. Fan Fiction and Fan Communities in the Age of the Internet. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2006.

• Herzing, M. (1991) The Internet world of fan fiction. (Master’s Thesis, Virginia Commonwealth University).

• Jenkins, H. (1992). Textual poachers: Television fans and partipatory culture. New York: Routledge, Chapman, and Hall.

• Jung. S. (2004). Queering popular culture: Female spectators and the appeal of writing slash fan fiction. Gender Forum: Gender Queeries, 8.

• Katyal, Sonia. (2006). Performance, Property, and the Slashing of Gender in Fan Fiction. Journal of Gender, Social Policy, and the Law, 14, p. 463.

• Keft-Kennedy, Virginia (2008) Fantasising Masculinity in Buffyverse Slash Fiction: Sexuality, Violence, and the Vampire NJES Volume 7, No. 1

• Kem, J. F. (2005). Cataloging the Whedonverse: Potential roles for librarians in online fanfiction.(Master’s Thesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill).

• Katyal, Sonia K. (2006). Performance, Property, and the Slashing of Gender in Fan Fiction. American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law, 14(3), 461-581.

• Kustritz, A. (2003). Slashing the romance narrative. The Journal of American Culture, 26(3), p. 371.

• Lee, Kylie. (Spring 2003). Confronting Enterprise Slash Fan Fiction. ‘Extrapolation. 44(1) 69-82.

• Lefanu, S. (1988). In the chinks of the world machine: Feminism and science fiction. London: The Women’s Press.

• MacDonald, Marianne. (Jan/Feb 2006). Harry Potter and the Fan Fiction Phenom. Gay & Lesbian Review, 13(1) 28-30.

• Pugh, S. (2006). The Democratic Genre: Fan Fiction in a Literary Context Brigend: Seren Books.

• Rambukkana, Nathan (2007) “Is Slash an Alternative Medium? – “Queer” Heterotopias and the Role of Autonomous Media Spaces in Radical World Building*” Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action, Vol 1, No 1

• Sabucco, Veruska. (2000). Shonen Ai: Il nuovo immaginario erotico femminile tra Oriente e Occidente. Roma: Castelvecchi.

• Salmon, Catherine, and Symons, Don. (2004). Slash fiction and human mating psychology. The Journal of Sex Research, 41:1, pp. 94-100.

• Salmon, C. & Symons. D. (2003). Warrior lovers: Erotic fiction, evolution and female sexuality. Yale: Yale University Press.

• Saxey, Esther. 2001. “Staking a Claim: The Series and its Slash Fan-Fiction.” In Reading the Vampire Slayer: The unofficial critical companion to “Buffy” and “Angel,” ed. Roz Kaveny, 187–210. New York: Tauris Park.

• Scodari, Christine. (2003). Resistance Re-Examined: Gender, Fan Practices, and Science Fiction Television. Popular Communication, 1(2), pp. 111-130.

• Selley, April. (1987). “‘I have been, and ever shall be, your friend’: Star Trek, The Deerslayer, and the American Romance.” Journal of Popular Culture 20:89–104.

• Shave, Rachel. (2004). Slash Fandom on the Internet, Or, Is the Carnival Over? Refractory: A Journal of Entertainment Media 6.

• Smol, Anna. (Winter 2004). “”Oh. . . oh. . . Frodo!”: Readings of Male Intimacy in The Lord of the Rings.” MFS Modern Fiction Studies, 50(4), pp. 949-979

• Somogyi, Victoria. (September 2002). Complexity of Desire: Janeway/Chakotay Fan Fiction. The Journal of American Culture, 25(3-4), pp. 399.404.

• Stein, Atara. (1998). “Minding One’s P’s and Q’s – Homoeroticism in Star Trek: The Next Generation.” Genders vol. 27

• Tosenberger, Catherine (2008) “Homosexuality at the Online Hogwarts: Harry Potter Slash Fanfiction” Children’s Literature 36 pp.185-207

• Woledge, Elizabeth (August 2005) “Decoding Desire: From Kirk and Spock to K/S¹” Social Semiotics, Volume 15, Issue 2, pages 235 – 250 doi: 10.1080/10350330500154857

• Woledge, Elizabeth. (2005). “From Slash to the Minstream: Female writers and Gender Blending Men.” Extrapolation 46:50–65.

Slash Popular Bibliography

This lists popular resources about slash; newspaper and magazine articles, blogs, and so forth of potential interest to researchers.

• Henry Jenkins’ Blog: Confessions of an Aca/Fan.

• Bronski, M. (July 3, 2003). There’s something about Harry. Boston Phoenix.

• Chaudhry, L. (Sept. 5, 2000). Hey Spock, lookin’ good. Wired News.

• Cicioni, M. (Sept. 1999) Perverse universes: Slash fan fiction. Diverse Universe, 1.

• Dery, M. (1996) Slashing the Borg: Resistance is Futile.

• Fanlore.org

• It’s a fan’s world: Rewriting gender with slash fan fiction. (Spring 2003). Bitch: Feminist Resonse to Pop Culture.

• Kahn, J. (April 6, 2006). The secret sisterhood of slash: Women at USC read between the story lines and rewrite their favorite characters with a homoerotic twist. Daily Trojan.

• Kahney, L. (June 13, 2002). Bill/Steve’s Sexcellent Adventure. Wired News.

• MacDonald, M. (Jan/Feb 2006). Harry Potter and the Fan Fiction Phenom. Gay and Lesbian Review, 13(1), pp. 28-30.

• Thrupkaew, N. (April 2003?). Fan/tastic voyage: A journey into the wide wild world of slash fiction! Bitch Magazine.

• Tolesco, A. The fiction of arousal: Harry Potter, slash fiction, and female bisexual arousal patterns. Good Vibrations.

• Veinglory, E. (July 23, 2004). Slash Friction: Is appropriation ever appropriate? GayWired.

• Wikipedia’s Article on Slash Fiction

Boys’ Love/Nanshoku Bibliography

This lists research about nanshoku and boys’ love topics that don’t fit clearly into yaoi / shōnen-ai or slash categories.

• Angles, Jeffrey M. (2004) “Writing the love of boys: Representations of male-male desire in the literature of Murayama Kaita and Edogawa Ranpo (Japan).” (Dissertation, The Ohio State University). Dissertation Abstracts International 65, 01A.

• Angles, Jeffrey M. (2011) Writing the Love of Boys: Origins of Bishōnen Culture in Modernist Japanese Literature. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

• Berry, C. (2007). The Chinese Side of the Mountain. Film Quarterly, 60(3), pp. 32-37.

• Childs, Margaret H. (1980). “Chigo Monogatari: Love Stories or Buddhist Sermons?” Monumenta Nipponica 35(2):127-151.

• Childs, Margaret H. (trans. 1996). “The Story of Kannon’s Manifestation As a Youth” (Chigo Kannon engi). In Stephen D. Miller (Ed.), Partings at Dawn: An Anthology of Japanese Gay Literature. San Francisco: Gay Sunshine Press, pp. 31-35.

• Childs, Margaret H. (trans. 1996). “The Tale of Genmu” (Genmu monogatari). In Stephen D. Miller (Ed.), Partings at Dawn: An Anthology of Japanese Gay Literature. San Francisco: Gay Sunshine Press, pp. 36-54.

• Furukawa, Makoto. (Angus Lockyer, trans. 1994). “The Changing Nature of Sexuality: The Three Codes Framing Homosexuality in Modern Japan.” U.S. – Japan Women’s Journal, English Supplement 7(December):98-127.

• Gerstle, C. Andrew. (2001). “Love Suicides on the Eve of the Kōshin Festival” (Shinjū yoigō shin; 1722) In Gerstle (trans.), Chikamatsu: Five Late Plays. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 278-324.

• Guth, Christine M. E. (1987). “The Divine Boy in Japanese Art.” Monumenta Nipponica 42(1):1-23.

• Jackson, Earl, Jr. (December 1989). “Kabuki Narratives of Male Homoerotic Desire in Saikaku and Mishima.” Theatre Journal 41(4):459-477.

• Jñanavira, Dharmachari. (No date). “Homosexuality in the Japanese Buddhist Tradition.”Western Buddhist Review Volume 3.

• Hayakawa Monta. (1998). 浮世絵春画と男色. [Ukiyō-e shunga to nanshoku; Spring Pictures and Nanshoku] Tokyo: Kawade Shobō Shinsha.

• Kashō Takabatake. (2001). 高畠華宵 美少年図鑑 [Takabatake kashō bishōnen zukan; Illustrated Compendium of Beautiful Boys] Tokyo: Heibonsha.

• Leupp, Gary. (1997). Male Colors: The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan. University of California Press.

• Maës, Hubert. (1970). Hiraga Gennai et son temps. [Hiraga Gennai and His Times] Paris: École française d’Extrême-Orient.

• Maës, Hubert. (trans. 1979). Histoire galante de Shidōken. [Gallant Story of Shidōken; 1763] Paris: L’Asiathèque.

• McHarry, Mark. (2011). Review of Azuma Hiroki’s Otaku: Japan’s Database Animals. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific. Issue 25.

• Pflugfelder, Gregory M. (1999). Cartographies of Desire: Male-Male Sexuality in Japanese Discourse, 1600-1950. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.

• Reichert, Jim. (2006). In the Company of Men: Representations of Male-Male Sexuality in Meiji Literature. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (1985). “The Great Mirror of Male Love” by Ihara Saikaku (Volumes I and II). (Dissertation, Harvard University). Dissertation Abstracts International, 46 08A.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (1989). “Male Love in Early Modern Japan: A Literary Description of the ‘Youth’.” In Martin B. Duberman, Martha Vicinus, and George Chauncey, eds., Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past. New York: New American Library.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (trans. 1990). The Great Mirror of Male Love (Nanshoku ōkagami). Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (Spring 1993). “The Invention of a Literary Tradition of Male Love. Kitamura Kigin’s Iwatsutsuji.” Monumenta Nipponica 48(1):1-31.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (1996). Introduction. In Stephen D. Miller (Ed.), Partings at Dawn: An Anthology of Japanese Gay Literature. San Francisco: Gay Sunshine Press, pp. 11-20.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (1998). “Theorizing Sex/Gender in Early Modern Japan: Kitamura Kigin’s Maidenflowers and Wild Azaleas.” Japanese Studies 18(3):247-263.

• Schalow, Paul Gordon. (2000). “Five Portraits of Male Friendship in the Ise monogatari.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 60(2):445-488.

• Screech, Timon. (1999). Sex and the Floating World: Erotic Images in Japan, 1700-1820. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

• Shively, Donald. (1955). “Bakufu Versus Kabuki”. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 18: 326-356

• Tinios, Ellis. (2005). “The Representation of Male-male Sex in Japanese Books”. In Amy Reigle Newland (Ed.), Japanese Erotic Fantasies: Sexual Imagery of the Edo Period. Amsterdam: Hotei, pp. 31-33. [Published with the exhibition "Desire of Spring: Erotic Fantasies in Edo Japan", 22 January - 17 April 2005, Kunsthal, Rotterdam.]

• Watanabe Hajime. (1935). “On the Scroll-painting representing the Story of the Chigo-Kawannon in the Ikedo Collection”. National Research Institute for Cultural Properties. 美術研究 [Bijutsu Kenkyu; Journal of Art Studies]. Number 39.

• Watanabe, Tsuneo, and Jun’ichi Iwata. (D.R. Roberts, trans. 1989). The Love of the Samurai: A Thousand Years of Japanese Homosexuality. London: GMP Publishers. (Originally published as La Voie des éphèbes. Paris: Ed. Trismegiste, 1986.)

Forthcoming Books

• Katsuhiko Suganuma. Contact Moments: The Politics of Intercultural Desire in Japanese Male-Queer Cultures. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

• Sueyoshi, Amy. Queer Compulsions: Race, Nation, and Sexuality in the Affairs of Yone Noguchi. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.